A student sets up the circuit shown below to investigate the behavior of a non-ideal battery.
The battery has an electromotive force (emf) of 12.0 V and an internal resistance of 2.0 Ω. The voltmeter is high-resistance.
What is the change in the reading on the voltmeter when switch S\text{S}S is closed?
1.0 V1.0\text{ V}1.0 V
1.5 V1.5\text{ V}1.5 V
3.0 V3.0\text{ V}3.0 V
0.5 V0.5\text{ V}0.5 V