A hibernating mammal, such as a hazel dormouse, prepares for winter by consuming a diet rich in plant material and seeds.

Complete each sentence about this process.

Use the words from the list:

• amino acids
• enzymes
• fatty acids
• glucose
• glycogen
• hormones
• respiration
• synthesis

Complex carbohydrates in the plant matter are broken down during digestion to a simple monosaccharide called _______.

Before winter, excess sugar is converted and stored in the liver and muscle tissues as the polysaccharide _______.

Proteins from the seeds are broken down into their individual monomers called _______.

These monomers are assembled within cells to produce functional biological molecules such as _______.

Throughout hibernation, cells slowly break down stored sugars to yield chemical energy (ATP) through _______.

Three wildlife conservationists are debating the practice of leaving high-sugar, high-carbohydrate feed mixes out for wild garden birds during cold winter months.

• Scientist P: "Providing energy-dense feed is highly beneficial because it helps small birds maintain their core body temperature during sub-zero winter nights."
• Scientist Q: "Regular consumption of artificial, sugar-rich feed can cause metabolic dysfunction and high blood sugar levels, which is particularly harmful to species prone to avian diabetes."
• Scientist R: "Using artificial feed ensures birds survive harsh winter freezes when natural forage is scarce, but over-reliance on these sugar-rich feeds can promote the transmission of diseases at feeding stations and lead to nutritional deficiencies."

Which scientist is discussing both the benefits and the risks of providing high-carbohydrate feed to wild birds? Explain your answer.

A biology student is explaining how to test a seed extract to see if it contains both reducing sugars (such as glucose) and lipids.

The student says: "You cannot use the same chemical test or reagent to detect both of these molecules in the extract."

Explain why this student is correct.