An endurance athlete consumes a high-carbohydrate diet to prepare for a marathon.

Complete each sentence about this diet.

Use the words from the list:

• amino acids
• enzymes
• fatty acids
• glucose
• glycogen
• hormones
• respiration
• synthesis

Carbohydrates in the food are broken down to a simple sugar called _______.

Excess of this sugar is stored in the liver and muscle cells as _______.

Proteins in the athlete's diet are broken down into _______.

These smaller molecules are used by the body to build new proteins, such as _______.

During the marathon, the athlete's muscle cells break down sugar to release energy (ATP) by _______.

Three people each make a comment about a high-carbohydrate diet.

• Person X: "Consuming major amounts of carbohydrates gives you a lot of energy so you feel active and alert throughout the day."
• Person Y: "A high-carbohydrate diet can cause dramatic spikes in blood sugar, which is dangerous for individuals with insulin resistance."
• Person Z: "A diet high in carbohydrates is great for boosting athletic performance, but eating too many refined carbs can increase the risk of heart disease."

Which person is discussing both the risks and benefits of a high-carbohydrate diet? Explain your answer.

A student is discussing how to test a food sample to see if it contains both starch and protein.

The student says: "You need to perform two entirely different chemical tests to detect both of these molecules."

Explain why this student is correct.