The diagram shows a light ray passing through a semicircular block of plastic.

The dotted line is the normal to the flat surface at XXX. When the light ray hits the flat surface at XXX, all of it is reflected back inside.
Name the process shown in the diagram.
What is the value of the angle labelled θ\thetaθ?
The diagram below shows another light ray entering a different right-angled glass prism. It hits the inside of the left slanted surface at ZZZ as shown.

Describe to complete the path of this ray as it passes through and exits the prism.