This question is about the behavior of light waves during reflection and transmission.
A laser beam in an automated optical alignment system is directed at a flat, highly polished silicon plate.
State how the angle of reflection of the laser beam compares to its angle of incidence. Choose from the following options:
A calibration target is placed at a distance of 65 cm65\text{ cm}65 cm in front of a flat vertical mirror. Determine the distance between the target and its virtual image.
The image formed of the target is a virtual image. State how a virtual image differs from a real image in terms of the behavior of light rays.
Light is guided through a flexible fiber-optic bundle in a medical endoscope to illuminate internal organs during surgery.
State the name of the wave phenomenon that enables the light to be transmitted along the core of the glass fibers without escaping through the sides.
State two conditions that must be satisfied for this phenomenon to occur at the interface between the core and the cladding.
Telecommunication networks utilize optical fibers to transmit digital data across oceans instead of using copper cables. Suggest one advantage of using optical fibers over copper cables for long-distance communication.
