Nitrosyl chloride (NOCl\text{NOCl}NOCl) is a yellow gas that is a powerful electrophile and solvating agent.
Nitrosyl chloride is synthesized by the reversible reaction of nitrogen monoxide with chlorine:
2NO(g)+Cl2(g)⇌2NOCl(g)ΔH=−76 kJ/mol 2\text{NO}(\text{g}) + \text{Cl}_2(\text{g}) \rightleftharpoons 2\text{NOCl}(\text{g}) \quad \Delta H = -76\text{ kJ/mol} 2NO(g)+Cl2(g)⇌2NOCl(g)ΔH=−76 kJ/molIf a high temperature is used, only a small amount of nitrosyl chloride is formed at equilibrium. Explain why this is the case.
Predict how the equilibrium yield of nitrosyl chloride will change if the system pressure is increased. Give a reason for your answer. [Assume the system is allowed to reach a position of equilibrium]
Nitrosyl chloride reacts readily with water to produce nitrous acid (HNO2\text{HNO}_2HNO2) and hydrochloric acid (HCl\text{HCl}HCl). Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
The diagram below shows the displayed formula of nitrosyl chloride:
O=N−Cl \text{O}=\text{N}-\text{Cl} O=N−ClDraw a dot and cross diagram to show the arrangement of all the outer electrons in a molecule of nitrosyl chloride.
28 exam-style questions on Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Reversible reactions and equilibria. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.