Explain why maintaining a constant core body temperature is important for metabolic reactions in human liver cells.
The skin plays a major role in thermoregulation. When core body temperature decreases below normal, changes occur in the skin to reduce heat loss. Describe two such changes (other than vasoconstriction).
What structural feature of arteriole walls allows them to change the rate of blood flow to the capillaries in the skin?
Raynaud's phenomenon is a condition where spasming arteries temporarily reduce blood flow to the fingers. The thermogram shows the hands of two individuals after exposure to cold water.
Explain which hand is more likely to belong to a patient with Raynaud's phenomenon.
Hormones such as ADH and aldosterone maintain blood composition around a constant set point. Explain how physiological variables in the body are kept near a fixed reference point using negative feedback.