A large proportion of the eukaryotic genome (about 98–99% in humans) does not code for proteins. While historically referred to as 'junk DNA', it is now known to have critical biological roles.
Which of the following best explains why this non-coding DNA is crucial for cell function?
It acts as a direct template for the ribosomal translation of proteins.
It codes for the synthesis of carbohydrates and lipids in the nucleus.
It contains regulatory sequences that control when and where genes are transcribed.
It undergoes translation directly to form various regulatory enzymes.
97 exam-style questions on OCR GCSE Biology 5.1 Inheritance, covering 5.1.1 The genome, 5.1.2 Environment and phenotype, 5.1.3 Variants and mutations, 5.1.4 How genetic variants influence phenotype, 5.1.5 Asexual and sexual reproduction, 5.1.6 Haploid and diploid, 5.1.7 Meiotic cell division, 5.1.8 Single gene inheritance, 5.1.9 Predicting single gene crosses, 5.1.10 Sex determination, 5.1.11 Multiple gene inheritance, and 5.1.12 Development of our understanding of genetics. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.