During a global health monitoring campaign, an indirect ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) is used to screen blood samples for antibodies against a specific viral pathogen. Which of the following best describes the role of the enzyme-linked secondary antibody in this diagnostic test?
It is immobilized on the solid surface of the well to capture the target viral antigens directly from the patient's sample.
It binds specifically to the patient's primary antibody and carries an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction to produce a visible color change when a substrate is added.
It binds to non-specific sites on the plastic well surface to prevent the patient's antibodies from sticking directly to the well.
It directly cleaves the viral antigen, neutralizing the pathogen within the test well to prevent infection of lab personnel.
97 exam-style questions on OCR GCSE Biology 6.3 Monitoring and maintaining health, covering 6.3.1 Health and disease, 6.3.2 Interactions between diseases, 6.3.3 Spread of communicable diseases, 6.3.4 Common infections and diseases, 6.3.5 Physical plant defence responses, 6.3.6 Chemical plant defence responses, 6.3.7 Detecting and identifying plant diseases, 6.3.8 White blood cells and platelets, 6.3.9 Non-specific defence systems, 6.3.10 The immune system, 6.3.11 Monoclonal antibodies, 6.3.12 Vaccines and medicines, 6.3.13 Aseptic techniques, 6.3.14 Discovery and development of new medicines, 6.3.15 Causes of non-communicable diseases, 6.3.16 Treatments for cardiovascular disease, 6.3.17 Lifestyle factors and non-communicable diseases, 6.3.18 Cancer, 6.3.19 Stem cells in medicine, 6.3.20 Gene technology in medicine, and 6.3.21 The human genome and medicine. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.