HIV is a virus. It is spread by sexual contact and by exchange of body fluids, such as sharing needles.
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacterium. It is spread in droplets in the air when an infected person coughs.
Scientists recorded the number of new cases of TB in one country in one year.
The Table shows the results.
Table
| Group of people | Number of new cases of TB per 100 000 people |
|---|---|
| people with HIV | 1500 |
| people without HIV | 75 |
Calculate how many times greater the number of new cases of TB is in people with HIV than in people without HIV.
Explain why people with HIV are more likely to develop TB.
Describe two ways the spread of HIV can be reduced.
A person with TB is treated with antibiotics. A person with HIV is treated with antiviral drugs, not antibiotics.
Explain why.
181 exam-style questions on OCR GCSE Biology 6.3 Monitoring and maintaining health, covering 6.3.1 Health and disease, 6.3.2 Interactions between diseases, 6.3.3 Spread of communicable diseases, 6.3.4 Common infections and diseases, 6.3.5 Physical plant defence responses, 6.3.6 Chemical plant defence responses, 6.3.7 Detecting and identifying plant diseases, 6.3.8 White blood cells and platelets, 6.3.9 Non-specific defence systems, 6.3.10 The immune system, 6.3.11 Monoclonal antibodies, 6.3.12 Vaccines and medicines, 6.3.13 Aseptic techniques, 6.3.14 Discovery and development of new medicines, 6.3.15 Causes of non-communicable diseases, 6.3.16 Treatments for cardiovascular disease, 6.3.17 Lifestyle factors and non-communicable diseases, 6.3.18 Cancer, 6.3.19 Stem cells in medicine, 6.3.20 Gene technology in medicine, and 6.3.21 The human genome and medicine. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.