A person walks out of a dark cinema into a brightly lit street.
Diagram C shows the person's eye while inside the dark cinema. Diagram D shows the person's eye after they have walked out into the bright street.

Explain why the pupil changes from Diagram C to Diagram D, and describe the mechanism that causes this change.
The diagrams below show how light from a distant object is focused in the eyes of two different people, Person P and Person Q.

Name the eye defect shown for each person.
Identify the type of corrective lens needed for each person and explain how these lenses work.