Two people, X and Y, both have diabetes. One person has type 1 diabetes and the other has type 2 diabetes.
Neither person ate for 12 hours. They each then drank the same volume of glucose solution.
The Table shows the concentrations of glucose and insulin in their blood.
Table
| Time in minutes | Blood glucose of X in mmol/dm3\text{mmol/dm}^3mmol/dm3 | Blood glucose of Y in mmol/dm3\text{mmol/dm}^3mmol/dm3 | Blood insulin of X in arbitrary units | Blood insulin of Y in arbitrary units |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 1 | 10 |
| 60 | 14.0 | 11.0 | 1 | 35 |
| 120 | 15.5 | 10.0 | 1 | 40 |
Give the letter of the person with type 1 diabetes. Give a reason for your answer using the data in the Table.
Explain why the blood glucose concentration of person Y stays high even though their insulin concentration increases.
Person Y is overweight. A doctor advises person Y to change their diet and to do more exercise. Explain how these changes could help to control the blood glucose concentration of person Y.
45 exam-style questions on Edexcel GCSE Biology 7.4 Blood glucose and the urinary system, covering 7.4.1 Insulin and blood glucose control, 7.4.2 Glucagon and blood glucose regulation, 7.4.3 Type 1 and type 2 diabetes, 7.4.4 Structure of the urinary system, 7.4.5 Structure and function of the nephron, 7.4.6 ADH and water regulation, 7.4.7 Treatments for kidney failure, and 7.4.8 Production of urea in the liver. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.