A patient is admitted to an emergency department exhibiting extreme fatigue, weight loss, and persistent thirst. A sample of their urine is analyzed, with the results shown in Table 1 alongside the normal acceptable reference ranges.
| Test component | Patient's result | Reference range |
|---|---|---|
| Glucose | 18.2 mmol/L | 0.0 to 0.8 mmol/L |
| Protein | 6 mg/dm³ | 0 to 10 mg/dm³ |
| Ketones | 3.5 mmol/L | 0.0 to 0.5 mmol/L |
| White blood cells | 5 cells/µL | 0 to 10 cells/µL |
Explain how the data in Table 1 suggests that the patient has untreated diabetes mellitus.