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Alcohols

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Question 21

This is the displayed formula of an organic compound, X.

The displayed formula of compound X, which consists of a chain of four carbon atoms. The leftmost carbon is bonded to three hydrogen atoms. The next three carbons are each bonded to two hydrogen atoms (one above and one below). The rightmost carbon is also bonded to an -O-H group on its right. All bonds between carbon atoms and between carbon and oxygen are single covalent bonds.

a.

Give the molecular formula of compound X.

[1]
b.

A student describes compound X as a saturated hydrocarbon. Explain whether the student is correct.

[2]
c.

Compound X and ethanol are members of the homologous series of alcohols. One property of members of a homologous series is that they have similar chemical reactions. Give one other property of members of a homologous series.

[1]
d.

This apparatus is used for a dehydration reaction using compound X.

This reaction is similar to the dehydration reaction of ethanol.

A horizontal test tube is heated. At the sealed end is mineral wool soaked in compound X. In the middle of the tube is a pile of aluminium oxide, which is also heated. A delivery tube leads from the open end of the test tube into a trough of water, where a delivery tube points up into an inverted test tube filled with water to collect bubbles of gas Y.

The reaction produces gas Y and one other product.

State the purpose of the aluminium oxide.

[1]
e.

State a property of gas Y that allows it to be collected over water.

[1]
f.

Give a reason why the first sample of gas Y collected is not pure.

[1]
g.

Complete the equation for the dehydration reaction showing the displayed formula of gas Y and the molecular formula of the other product.

The reaction equation with the displayed formula of butan-1-ol on the left, followed by an arrow. On the right, there is a space to draw the displayed formula of gas Y, followed by a plus sign and a space for the molecular formula of the other product.

[2]
h.

Give the name of gas Y.

[1]

Alcohols Questions

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