A student neutralises 12.0 g12.0\text{ g}12.0 g of hydrochloric acid, HCl\text{HCl}HCl, with ammonia, NH3\text{NH}_3NH3, to make ammonium chloride, NH4Cl\text{NH}_4\text{Cl}NH4Cl.
The equation shows this reaction.
NH3+HCl→NH4Cl\text{NH}_3 + \text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{NH}_4\text{Cl}NH3+HCl→NH4Cl
Calculate the theoretical yield of ammonium chloride, NH4Cl\text{NH}_4\text{Cl}NH4Cl.
Give your answer to 3 significant figures.
Relative atomic mass (ArA_rAr): H=1.0N=14.0Cl=35.5\text{H} = 1.0 \quad \text{N} = 14.0 \quad \text{Cl} = 35.5H=1.0N=14.0Cl=35.5
Theoretical yield = ______ g\text{g}g
The atom economy for the reaction between ammonia and hydrochloric acid is 100%.
NH3+HCl→NH4Cl\text{NH}_3 + \text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{NH}_4\text{Cl}NH3+HCl→NH4Cl
Use the balanced symbol equation to explain why the atom economy is 100%.
In another reaction, the student makes 11.5 g11.5\text{ g}11.5 g of ammonium chloride.
They predicted that they should have made 15.0 g15.0\text{ g}15.0 g.
Calculate their percentage yield.
Give your answer to 2 significant figures.
Percentage yield = ______ %