Using the data in Extract D (Figure 4), calculate Poland's rate of inflation for the year ended 31 December 2023. Give your answer to two decimal places.
Figure 3: Annual real GDP growth rates (%) for Poland, 2018–2023
| Year | Annual real GDP growth rate (%) |
|---|---|
| 2018 | 5.2 |
| 2019 | 4.7 |
| 2020 | -2.0 |
| 2021 | 6.8 |
| 2022 | 5.3 |
| 2023 | 0.2 |
Figure 4: Consumer price index (CPI) for Poland, 2018–2023 (Base Year 2015 = 100)
| Date | CPI index |
|---|---|
| 31 Dec 2018 | 102.10 |
| 31 Dec 2019 | 104.45 |
| 31 Dec 2020 | 108.01 |
| 31 Dec 2021 | 113.72 |
| 31 Dec 2022 | 125.20 |
| 31 Dec 2023 | 136.85 |
