A roller coaster car starts from rest at the top of a hill at point P and rolls down the track. As it reaches the lower section, the brakes are applied, bringing the car to a complete stop at point Q.
Which of the following describes the sequence of energy changes that take place from point P to point Q?
gravitational potential energy →\rightarrow→ kinetic energy →\rightarrow→ thermal energy
gravitational potential energy →\rightarrow→ thermal energy →\rightarrow→ kinetic energy
kinetic energy →\rightarrow→ gravitational potential energy →\rightarrow→ thermal energy
kinetic energy →\rightarrow→ thermal energy →\rightarrow→ gravitational potential energy
533 exam-style questions on CIE IGCSE Physics 1.7 Energy, work and power, covering 1.7.1a Energy stores and energy transfers, 1.7.1b Conservation of energy, 1.7.1c Kinetic and gravitational potential energy, 1.7.2 Work done, 1.7.3 Energy resources, 1.7.3a Energy resources and electricity generation, 1.7.3b Nuclear fusion as an energy source, 1.7.3c Efficiency of energy transfer, and 1.7.4 Power. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.