The passage describes the human influences on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Complete the passage by writing a suitable word or words in each of the blank spaces.
The release of untreated sewage and agricultural runoff into freshwater ecosystems has severe ecological consequences. Runoff often contains high levels of [1] _______________\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}_______________, which are minerals commonly used in synthetic fertilisers. This nutrient enrichment leads to rapid growth of algae on the water surface. This thick layer of algae blocks [2] _______________\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}_______________ from reaching aquatic plants deeper in the water, preventing photosynthesis and causing them to die. The dead organic matter is broken down by [3] _______________\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}_______________, whose population increases rapidly. These organisms undergo [4] _______________\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}_______________ respiration, which depletes the concentration of dissolved [5] _______________\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}_______________ in the water, leading to the suffocation and death of fish. This overall process is called [6] _______________\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}_______________.
Human activities also disrupt terrestrial ecosystems. The large-scale removal of trees, known as [7] _______________\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}_______________, has devastating effects. Without tree roots to bind the soil together, wind and heavy rain cause [8] _______________\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}_______________ to occur. The loss of forest canopy also reduces [9] _______________\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}_______________, which normally returns water vapor to the atmosphere and is crucial for maintaining the water cycle. Furthermore, when trees are cleared by burning, a large amount of the greenhouse gas [10] _______________\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}_______________ is released, contributing to global warming.
