Cells contain different specialized structures.
Complete the sentences below using structures from this list:
cell membrane** | mitochondria | ribosomes | cytoplasm | **chloroplast
- The structures where aerobic respiration occurs to release energy for the cell are the ** **.
- The barrier that controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell is the ** **.
- The tiny structures responsible for protein synthesis are the ** **.
A student uses a light microscope to study plant cells.
One of the cells drawn by the student is shown in Fig. 16.1.
Fig. 16.1
(i) The actual length of this plant cell is 0.08 mm0.08\text{ mm}0.08 mm.
Calculate the magnification of the student's drawing.
Use the equation: magnification=measured size÷actual size\text{magnification} = \text{measured size} \div \text{actual size}magnification=measured size÷actual size
Magnification = × \times× ** **
(ii) What type of substance is added to microscope slides to colour the cell structures and make them easier to see?
Respiration is vital for cellular survival.
(i) Name the two main products of aerobic respiration (excluding energy/ATP).
(ii) State the term used to describe a chemical reaction, such as photosynthesis, that absorbs energy from its surroundings.