An ecologist investigated the trophic interactions within a marine ecosystem in the Southern Ocean.
The ecologist recorded microscopic phytoplankton capturing sunlight to produce organic nutrients.
Swarms of krill were observed grazing on the phytoplankton.
Adelie penguins were seen diving to feed on the krill.
Leopard seals were then observed hunting and eating the Adelie penguins.
Finally, a pod of killer whales (orcas) was recorded preying on a leopard seal.
Construct a food chain representing these trophic relationships. Include arrows to show the direction of energy transfer.
