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Energetics

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Question 18

A student uses a table of average bond energies to calculate the molar enthalpy change for the synthesis of ammonia:

N2(g)+3H2(g)→2NH3(g) \text{N}_2(\text{g}) + 3\text{H}_2(\text{g}) \rightarrow 2\text{NH}_3(\text{g}) N2​(g)+3H2​(g)→2NH3​(g)

The average bond energies are shown in the table below:

BondAverage bond energy in kJ/mol\text{kJ/mol}kJ/mol
N≡N\text{N}\equiv\text{N}N≡N945
H−H\text{H}-\text{H}H−H436
N−H\text{N}-\text{H}N−H391

In this reaction:

  • Each nitrogen molecule (N2\text{N}_2N2​) contains one N≡N\text{N}\equiv\text{N}N≡N triple bond.
  • Each hydrogen molecule (H2\text{H}_2H2​) contains one H−H\text{H}-\text{H}H−H single bond.
  • Each ammonia molecule (NH3\text{NH}_3NH3​) contains three N−H\text{N}-\text{H}N−H single bonds.
a.

Calculate the energy taken in (in kJ\text{kJ}kJ) when the bonds in the reactants are broken.

[2]
b.

Calculate the energy given out (in kJ\text{kJ}kJ) when the bonds in the products are formed.

[2]
c.

Use your answers to (i) and (ii) to calculate the molar enthalpy change, ΔH\Delta HΔH (in kJ/mol\text{kJ/mol}kJ/mol), for the synthesis of ammonia.

[2]
Markscheme

Energetics Questions

  1. IGCSE
  2. /Chemistry
  3. /Energetics

35 exam-style questions on Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Energetics. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.

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