Complete the sentence.
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As the roller coaster car accelerates down a steep drop, the ___________ energy store of the car decreases and the ___________ energy of the car increases.
The total mass of the roller coaster car and its passengers is 450 kg450\text{ kg}450 kg. The speed of the car at the bottom of the track is 14 m/s14\text{ m/s}14 m/s.
Calculate the kinetic energy of the roller coaster car and its passengers.
Use the equation: kinetic energy=0.5×mass×(speed)2\text{kinetic energy} = 0.5 \times \text{mass} \times (\text{speed})^2kinetic energy=0.5×mass×(speed)2
During emergency braking, a steel brake pad is clamped onto the rail to bring the car to a halt. Friction causes the temperature of the brake pad to increase.
Calculate the change in thermal energy of the brake pad.
Use the equation: change in thermal energy=mass×specific heat capacity×temperature change\text{change in thermal energy} = \text{mass} \times \text{specific heat capacity} \times \text{temperature change}change in thermal energy=mass×specific heat capacity×temperature change
How is the internal energy of the particles in the steel brake pad affected by the increase in temperature?
Select one:
Practise AQA GCSE Physics Internal energy and energy transfers with exam-style questions for Foundation and Higher tier. 48 questions covering Internal energy, Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity, and Changes of state and specific latent heat, matched to the AQA GCSE Physics (8463) specification and written in Paper 1 and Paper 2 style. Every question includes a full worked solution and mark scheme, so you can see where marks are awarded rather than just whether you got the answer right.