In an investigation, calcium hydroxide powder is added in 0.2 g portions to 50 cm3 of dilute nitric acid until the calcium hydroxide is in excess.
Universal indicator paper is used to determine the pH of the mixture after each portion of calcium hydroxide is added.
Give the name of an alternative piece of equipment that can be used to measure the pH of the mixture.
276 exam-style questions on Edexcel GCSE Chemistry 4.1 Acids, covering 4.1.1 Acids, alkalis and the pH scale, 4.1.2 Hydrogen ion concentration and pH, 4.1.3 Dilute and concentrated, weak and strong acids, 4.1.4 Bases, alkalis and the reactions of acids, 4.1.5 Chemical tests for hydrogen and carbon dioxide, 4.1.6 Neutralisation as a reaction of acids with bases, 4.1.7 Preparing soluble salts, and 4.1.8 Solubility rules and preparing insoluble salts. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.