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6.3 Monitoring and maintaining health

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Question 11

Different physiological structures, cells, and chemical barriers in the human body are critical in monitoring and maintaining health by defending against pathogens.

a.

Match each biological component (1 to 4) with its correct protective function (A to D).

Biological Components:

  1. Cytotoxic T-cells (T-killer cells)
  2. Goblet cells
  3. Hydrochloric acid in the stomach
  4. Platelets

Protective Functions:

  • A. Secrete a sticky, viscous fluid to trap inhaled or ingested pathogens
  • B. Provide an extremely low pH environment that denatures proteins in ingested microbes
  • C. Identify and destroy host cells that have been compromised by viral replication
  • D. Participate in a cascade that forms a mesh of fibrin, sealing wounds to prevent entry of pathogens
[4]
b.

Active artificial immunity can be achieved through vaccination. In contrast, passive natural immunity can be acquired by a newborn baby. Complete the sentence comparing these modes of immunity below.

"Passive immunity is acquired when a newborn receives maternal (i) ‾\underline{\quad\quad\quad}​ across the placenta, which provides immediate protection but does not result in the long-term production of (ii) ‾\underline{\quad\quad\quad}​ cells."

[2]
Markscheme

6.3 Monitoring and maintaining health Questions

  1. GCSE
  2. /Biology
  3. /6.3 Monitoring and maintaining health

97 exam-style questions on OCR GCSE Biology 6.3 Monitoring and maintaining health, covering 6.3.1 Health and disease, 6.3.2 Interactions between diseases, 6.3.3 Spread of communicable diseases, 6.3.4 Common infections and diseases, 6.3.5 Physical plant defence responses, 6.3.6 Chemical plant defence responses, 6.3.7 Detecting and identifying plant diseases, 6.3.8 White blood cells and platelets, 6.3.9 Non-specific defence systems, 6.3.10 The immune system, 6.3.11 Monoclonal antibodies, 6.3.12 Vaccines and medicines, 6.3.13 Aseptic techniques, 6.3.14 Discovery and development of new medicines, 6.3.15 Causes of non-communicable diseases, 6.3.16 Treatments for cardiovascular disease, 6.3.17 Lifestyle factors and non-communicable diseases, 6.3.18 Cancer, 6.3.19 Stem cells in medicine, 6.3.20 Gene technology in medicine, and 6.3.21 The human genome and medicine. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.

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