a.[3]
When a person accidentally steps on a sharp object, a reflex arc is immediately triggered to withdraw the foot and prevent further tissue damage.
Complete the pathway showing the sequence of neurones that transmit electrical impulses in this reflex action. Choose your answers from the box below:
- motor neurone
- relay neurone
- sensory neurone
receptor→_______________→_______________→_______________→effector (muscle)\text{receptor} \rightarrow \text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_} \rightarrow \text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_} \rightarrow \text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_} \rightarrow \text{effector (muscle)}receptor→_______________→_______________→_______________→effector (muscle)
b.[2]
State two features of a reflex action that make it highly effective for survival.
c.[2]
- Which letter represents the cerebellum, which controls muscle coordination and balance?
- What is the main function of the region labeled S (the pituitary gland)? Select one of the following:
- Controlling balance and posture
- Coordinating unconscious, automatic reflexes such as breathing rate
- Producing and releasing hormones into the bloodstream to regulate body functions