A government-funded satellite constellation broadcasts an unencrypted, high-precision timing signal across the globe. When a multinational logistics firm uses this signal to synchronize its delivery fleet, the signal's strength, availability, and accuracy for other shipping companies, emergency services, or individual citizens remain completely unaffected. This characteristic represents
non-excludability of a public good.
the free-rider problem of a public good.
non-rivalry of a public good.
the tragedy of the commons in common resources.
378 exam-style questions on AQA A Level Economics 1.8 The market mechanism, market failure and government intervention in markets, covering 1.8.1 How markets and prices allocate resources, 1.8.2 The meaning of market failure, 1.8.3 Public goods, private goods and quasi-public goods, 1.8.4 Positive and negative externalities in consumption and production, 1.8.5 Merit and demerit goods, 1.8.6 Market imperfections, 1.8.7 Competition policy (A-level only), 1.8.8 Public ownership, privatisation, regulation and deregulation of markets (A-level only), 1.8.9 Government intervention in markets, and 1.8.10 Government failure. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.