An inductive charging dock for electric micro-scooters contains a primary transmitter coil in the ground pad that transfers energy magnetically to a secondary receiver coil inside the scooter's chassis. This inductive coupling system acts as a transformer that reduces voltage.
(i) Name the type of transformer that reduces voltage.
(ii) Explain why the core of the transmitter is made of a soft magnetic material, such as iron.
(i) State the equation linking primary voltage, secondary voltage, and the turns ratio.
(ii) The transformer setup within the charging dock has 360 primary turns and 45 secondary turns. The input voltage to the primary coil is 240 V. Calculate the output voltage on the secondary coil.
(i) The alternating current used in the inductive transmitter has a frequency of 85,000 Hz. The ground pad vibrates at this same frequency. Explain why these vibrations cannot be heard by a human.
(ii) A status indicator light on the scooter's handlebars flashes regularly while charging. There is a pulse every 1.6 ms. Calculate the frequency of these pulses.
