The Big Bang, red-shift and the expanding Universe

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Question 26
Medium

A student plots a graph of the recessional velocity of several distant galaxies against their distance from Earth to determine the Hubble constant (H0H_0H0​). The table below shows the data collected:

Distance from Earth (Mly)Velocity of galaxy (km/s)
601200
1403100
2104100
2806600
3507200
4309800
51010200
62013900
70014800
82018500

A scatter graph of velocity in km/s on the y-axis against distance in Mly on the x-axis. The data points show a clear positive correlation but do not lie perfectly on a straight line. A straight line of best fit is drawn through the origin and the data points, showing a positive gradient representing the Hubble constant.

The gradient of this line of best fit can be used to calculate a value for the Hubble constant, which in turn is used to estimate the age of the Universe.

Explain why the gradient of this line can only provide an estimate of the age of the Universe.

[2]

The Big Bang, red-shift and the expanding Universe Questions

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