Alcohols are commonly utilised as alternative fuels. Depending on the availability of oxygen, their combustion can be complete or incomplete. An experiment was conducted to determine the mass of the first four straight-chain alcohols in the homologous series required to raise the temperature of 150 cm³ of water by exactly $∘C25\text{ }^{\circ}\text{C}$ .

Table 1

Alcohol	Chemical formula	Mass of alcohol burned in $g\text{g}$
Methanol	$CH3OH\text{CH}_3\text{OH}$	2.40
Ethanol	$C2H5OH\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}$	1.65
Propan-1-ol	$C3H7OH\text{C}_3\text{H}_7\text{OH}$	1.20
Butan-1-ol	$C4H9OH\text{C}_4\text{H}_9\text{OH}$	0.95

Discuss the complete and incomplete combustion of these alcohols and explain the trend in the mass of alcohol required to produce this temperature change. You should include word equations for both types of combustion in your answer.

Table 1

Alcohol	Chemical formula	Mass of alcohol burned in $g\text{g}$
Methanol	$CH3OH\text{CH}_3\text{OH}$	2.40
Ethanol	$C2H5OH\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}$	1.65
Propan-1-ol	$C3H7OH\text{C}_3\text{H}_7\text{OH}$	1.20
Butan-1-ol	$C4H9OH\text{C}_4\text{H}_9\text{OH}$	0.95

Alcohols and carboxylic acids

Question 4

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Alcohols and carboxylic acids

Question 4

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Alcohols and carboxylic acids

Question 4

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Alcohols and carboxylic acids Questions

Alcohols and carboxylic acids

Question 4

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Alcohols and carboxylic acids Questions