A root hair cell absorbs nitrate ions (NO3−\text{NO}_3^-NO3−) from a dilute soil solution into its cytoplasm, where the concentration of nitrate ions is significantly higher. At the same time, the cell must maintain an optimal surface area to volume (SA:VSA:VSA:V) ratio to supply its internal volume efficiently.
Which option correctly identifies the transport mechanism for this nitrate absorption and describes the change in the SA:V SA:V\,SA:V ratio as a cell of the same shape grows and increases in volume?
Facilitated diffusion; the SA:VSA:VSA:V ratio increases
Active transport; the SA:VSA:VSA:V ratio decreases
Active transport; the SA:VSA:VSA:V ratio increases
Facilitated diffusion; the SA:VSA:VSA:V ratio decreases