A student sorts five animals into two groups.
Scientists compared the base sequence of a section of DNA in the bat with the same section in the other four animals.
The Table shows the results.
Table
| Animal | Number of differences in the DNA base sequence compared with the bat |
|---|---|
| bee | 38 |
| dog | 9 |
| ostrich | 22 |
| pigeon | 21 |
The student has used an artificial classification system.
Describe what is meant by an artificial classification system.
In a natural classification system, the bat is placed in the same group as the dog, not the pigeon.
Explain why.
Identify the animal that is most closely related to the bat. Use the Table.
Explain why comparing DNA base sequences is a better way to classify animals than comparing features such as wings.
122 exam-style questions on OCR GCSE Biology 5.2 Natural selection and evolution, covering 5.2.1 Genetic variation within a population, 5.2.2 Developments in classification systems, 5.2.3 How evolution occurs through natural selection, 5.2.4 Evolution as change over time, 5.2.5 Evidence for evolution, and 5.2.6 Darwin and Wallace. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.