Epithelial tissue diagram showing columnar cells with cell Z labelled, having hair-like cilia on its surface](https://assets.mathsgenie.co.uk/aqa-qb/2c22739d-2f85-4d50-b864-e396f53ac1c7.png)","difficulty":4,"difficultyBand":"medium","totalMarks":9,"sourceTitle":null,"calculatorUse":null,"parts":[{"id":"0fc25166-f38f-4049-94b1-07e365b22cdb","label":"a","content":"The height of cell **Z** (including its cilia) in the diagram is measured to be $48\\text{ mm}$. This image of the cell has been magnified $600\\times$.\n\nCalculate the actual height of cell **Z**.\n\nUse the equation: $\\text{actual height} = \\text{measured size} \\div \\text{magnification}$.\n\nHeight = ……………………………………………… mm","markscheme":"- Correct substitution: $\\frac{48}{600}$ M1\n- Correct answer: $0.08\\text{ mm}$ A1","marks":2,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":{"methods":[{"id":"divide_by_magnification","label":"Divide by magnification","steps":[{"type":"hyper_latex","block":{"nodes":[{"latex":"\\text{actual height}=\\htmlData{anchor=full_fraction}{\\frac{48\\text{ mm}}{600}}"},{"latex":"\\text{actual height}=\\htmlData{anchor=final_height}{0.08\\text{ mm}}"}],"highlights":[{"color":"green","style":"box","anchor":"final_height"}],"connections":[{"to":"final_height","from":"full_fraction","color":"sky","label":"calculate"}]},"order":1,"title":"Substitute into the equation","description":"The 48 mm measurement already includes the cilia. Substitute it and the magnification: 48/600 earns M1; calculating 0.08 mm earns A1."}]}],"generatedAt":"2026-07-22T08:54:14.582Z","modelVersion":"gpt-5.6-terra+diagrams-1","explanationVersion":"v3"},"options":[]},{"id":"b31867a3-1d43-42a6-af46-93cb2aa1bc93","label":"b","content":"What is the name of cell **Z**? Tick one box:\n- Red blood cell\n- Ciliated epithelial cell\n- Muscle cell","markscheme":"- Selects \"Ciliated epithelial cell\" B1","marks":1,"order":1,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":{"methods":[{"id":"identify_cell","label":"Identify the specialised cell","steps":[{"type":"text","order":0,"title":"Spot the identifying feature","content":"Look at the labelled cell, Z, in the supplied diagram. Its upper surface has **cilia**: tiny hair-like structures.\n\nCilia beat to move mucus, containing trapped dust and microorganisms, away from the lungs. This matches the role of cells lining the trachea.","highlights":[{"text":"cells lining the human trachea","location":"specification"},{"text":"hair-like cilia on its surface","location":"specification"}]},{"type":"text","order":1,"title":"Eliminate red blood cells","content":"Eliminate **Red blood cell**. Red blood cells carry oxygen in the blood; they are not tall lining cells with cilia, so this does not match cell Z.","highlights":[{"text":"Red blood cell","index":0,"location":"eliminate"}]},{"type":"text","order":2,"title":"Eliminate muscle cells","content":"Eliminate **Muscle cell**. Muscle cells are adapted to contract and produce movement. They do not have cilia for clearing the airways, so this does not match cell Z.","highlights":[{"text":"Muscle cell","index":2,"location":"eliminate"}]},{"type":"text","order":3,"title":"Tick the matching cell","content":"Tick **Ciliated epithelial cell**. It is an epithelial lining cell with cilia, exactly as shown for Z.\n\nThis selection earns the one mark, **B1**.","highlights":[{"text":"Ciliated epithelial cell","index":1,"location":"option"}]}]}],"generatedAt":"2026-07-22T08:55:10.229Z","modelVersion":"gpt-5.6-terra+diagrams-1","explanationVersion":"v3"},"options":[]},{"id":"d3451a51-6e4c-415e-b97a-179b3b941f66","label":"c","content":"State **two** ways that cell **Z** is adapted to its function.","markscheme":"- Has hair-like projections (cilia) to sweep mucus containing dust and pathogens away from the lungs B1\n- Contains many mitochondria to provide energy / ATP for the movement of the cilia B1","marks":2,"order":2,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":{"methods":[{"id":"link_adaptations","label":"Li

Cell structures

Question 13

Cell structures Questions

Cell structures

Question 13

Cell structures Questions