An investigator designed an experiment to model the physiological role of sweating in mammalian thermoregulation.
They set up two identical metal canisters, each fitted with a digital temperature probe:
Hot water was added to both canisters, and the temperature of the water in each was recorded every 30 seconds for 12 minutes.
State two variables, other than the material of the canister, that would need to be controlled in this investigation to ensure a valid comparison.