5.2 The human nervous system

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Question 7
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a.

Many human actions are reflex actions.

Which two of the following are examples of reflex actions?

  • Sneezing when dust enters your nasal cavity
  • Deciding to put on a coat because it feels chilly
  • Dropping a hot plate instantly when it burns your fingers
  • Typing a password on your laptop keyboard
  • Waving hello to a passing neighbor
[2]
b.

Figure 1 shows how the size of the pupil of the human eye can change by reflex action.

Figure 1: Two simplified diagrams of a human eye showing pupil change from Eye X (dilated) to Eye Y (constricted).

Name one stimulus that would cause the pupil to change in size from Eye X to Eye Y, as shown in Figure 1.

[1]
c.

Structure K causes the change in size of the pupil.

Name structure K.

[1]
d.

Describe how structure K causes the change in the size of the pupil from Eye X to Eye Y.

[2]
e.

Figure 2 shows some structures involved in the coordination of a reflex action.

Figure 2: A diagram of a spinal reflex arc showing a cross-section of the spinal cord with sensory, relay, and motor pathways.

Describe how the structures shown in Figure 2 help to coordinate a reflex action.

[6]

5.2 The human nervous system Questions

  1. GCSE
  2. /Biology
  3. /5.2 The human nervous system