An atmospheric scientist monitors the concentration of a synthetic coolant gas, C C\,C parts per trillion (ppt), in the stratosphere. The scientist believes the concentration has been growing exponentially since the start of 2005 and proposes the model
C=p×qn C = p \times q^{n} C=p×qnwhere n n\,n is the number of years after 2005, and p p\,p and q q\,q are constants.
A graph of log10C\log_{10} Clog10C against n n\,n is plotted, and the resulting line of best fit has the equation:
log10C=0.052n+0.86 \log_{10} C = 0.052n + 0.86 log10C=0.052n+0.86(i) Show that, correct to three significant figures, p=7.24p = 7.24p=7.24.
(ii) Find the value of qqq, giving your answer to three significant figures.
Based on the model, determine the annual percentage increase in the concentration of the gas.
(i) Estimate the concentration of the gas at the start of 2025.
(ii) State one reason why this estimate might be inaccurate.
104 exam-style questions on OCR (MEI) A Level Maths 1.8 Exponentials and Logarithms, covering 1.8.1 The function y = a^x, 1.8.2 Convert between index and logarithmic form, 1.8.3 Logarithm as inverse of exponential, 1.8.4 Laws of logarithms, 1.8.5 Values of log_a a and log_a 1, 1.8.6 Solve equations of the form a^x = b, 1.8.7 Reduce y = ax^n and y = ab^x to linear form, 1.8.8 The function y = e^x, 1.8.9 Gradient of e^kx (A-level only), 1.8.10 The function y = ln x, and 1.8.11 Exponential growth and decay. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.