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Conditional Probability

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Question 81

The reliability of a deep-sea submersible is monitored via three independent systems. Let S S\,S be the event that the hull integrity sensor triggers an alarm, P P\,P be the event that the power supply stability module reports a fault, and C C\,C be the event that the communication array fails.

Historical data indicates that P(S)=0.35P(S) = 0.35P(S)=0.35, P(P)=0.45P(P) = 0.45P(P)=0.45, and P(S∩P)=0.14P(S \cap P) = 0.14P(S∩P)=0.14.

a.

Determine the probability that the submersible experiences either a hull alarm or a power fault, P(S∪P)P(S \cup P)P(S∪P).

[2]
b.

Calculate P(P′∣S′)P(P' | S')P(P′∣S′), the probability that the power supply is stable given that no hull alarm was triggered.

[3]
c.

The probability of a communication failure is P(C)=0.20P(C) = 0.20P(C)=0.20.

It is known that the hull alarm and communication failure are mutually exclusive events, and the power supply module and communication array operate independently.

Find P(P∩C)P(P \cap C)P(P∩C).

[2]
d.

Describe the configuration of a Venn diagram for events SSS, PPP, and CCC, and state the probabilities for each of the six distinct regions.

[4]
e.

Find the probability that neither a power fault nor a communication failure occurs, P((P∪C)′)P((P \cup C)')P((P∪C)′).

[2]

Conditional Probability Questions

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