A sealed pneumatic cylinder in a mechanical actuator is used to compress a sample of nitrogen gas.
Initially, the volume of the trapped nitrogen is 80 cm380\text{ cm}^380 cm3 and its pressure is 1.25×105 Pa1.25 \times 10^5\text{ Pa}1.25×105 Pa. Calculate the pressure of the nitrogen when the piston is pushed in and the volume decreases to 16 cm316\text{ cm}^316 cm3.
State an assumption you have made about the nitrogen in the cylinder.
When the piston is compressed rapidly, the cylinder and the nitrogen inside become warm. Suggest two reasons why this happens.
A rescue worker uses a manual hoist to lift a basket of supplies up a vertical shaft.
State the relationship between work done, force, and distance moved.
Calculate the work done in lifting a mass of 7.50 kg7.50\text{ kg}7.50 kg of supplies through a vertical height of 4.80 m4.80\text{ m}4.80 m. [Take g=9.8 N/kgg = 9.8\text{ N/kg}g=9.8 N/kg]
