Equilibria

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Question 13
Medium

Ethanol is produced industrially by the hydration of ethene. This is the balanced symbol equation for this process:

C2H4(g)+H2O(g)⇌C2H5OH(g)\text{C}_2\text{H}_4(\text{g}) + \text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{g}) \rightleftharpoons \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}(\text{g})C2​H4​(g)+H2​O(g)⇌C2​H5​OH(g)

a.

The reversible reaction is carried out in a closed system.

State how you can tell that you are representing a reversible reaction in this equation.

[1]
b.

What is a closed system?

[1]
c.

If dynamic equilibrium is reached, which of these statements are correct?

Select two statements.

  • The forward reaction is faster than the backward reaction.
  • The reaction has stopped.
  • The concentrations of reactants and products remain constant.
  • Only ethanol, C2H5OH\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}C2​H5​OH, is being made.
  • The rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction.
[2]
d.

The position of equilibrium can be altered by changing the pressure.

Suggest one other change that could be made to the reaction conditions.

[1]
e.

An industrial plant predicts they will make 350 kg350\text{ kg}350 kg of ethanol.

They actually make 238 kg238\text{ kg}238 kg of ethanol.

Calculate the percentage yield.

[2]
f.

State why this reaction has an atom economy of 100%100\%100%.

Use the balanced symbol equation.

[1]

Equilibria Questions

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