Rate of reaction

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Question 1
Hard

An iodine clock reaction can be used to study the kinetics of the reaction between hydrogen peroxide and iodide ions in acidic solution.

The chemical equations for the reactions involved are:

Reaction 1: H2O2(aq)+2 I−(aq)+2 H+(aq)→I2(aq)+2 H2O(l)\mathrm{H_2O_2(aq) + 2\ I^-(aq) + 2\ H^+(aq) \rightarrow I_2(aq) + 2\ H_2O(l)}H2​O2​(aq)+2 I−(aq)+2 H+(aq)→I2​(aq)+2 H2​O(l)

Reaction 2: I2(aq)+2 S2O32−(aq)→2 I−(aq)+S4O62−(aq)\mathrm{I_2(aq) + 2\ S_2O_3^{2-}(aq) \rightarrow 2\ I^-(aq) + S_4O_6^{2-}(aq)}I2​(aq)+2 S2​O32−​(aq)→2 I−(aq)+S4​O62−​(aq)

A small, fixed volume of sodium thiosulfate solution (S2O32−\mathrm{S_2O_3^{2-}}S2​O32−​) and starch indicator are added to the reaction mixture at the start.

a.

Explain why the reaction mixture remains colourless for a period of time before suddenly turning blue-black.

[2]
b.

Plan an investigation to show how the concentration of iodide ions affects the rate of this reaction. Your method should produce valid, reproducible results.

[6]

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