Glucagon and insulin are hormones involved in regulating blood glucose levels.
Which organ in the body produces glucagon?
Table 19.1 shows some notes written by a doctor about a patient who has diabetes.
Table 19.1
| Patient Notes |
|---|
| 58 years old |
| symptoms developed slowly over several years |
| patient has high body mass index (BMI) |
| body cells have become resistant to insulin |
Which note in Table 19.1 indicates that the patient has type 2 diabetes and not type 1?
Describe how this patient's type 2 diabetes should be managed or treated initially.
Explain how a high concentration of glucose in the blood plasma affects the water potential of the blood.
Explain how surrounding red blood cells will be affected by these changes in the water potential of the blood.
Glucose can be found in the urine of people with uncontrolled diabetes when blood sugar levels are extremely high.
The diagram shows a kidney tubule (nephron).
Table 19.2 shows some possible ways that diabetes can alter kidney function. For each change in function, write W, X, Y, or Z to identify where in the kidney tubule each change occurs.
Table 19.2
| Change to kidney function | Part of tubule where change occurs |
|---|---|
| Ultrafiltration of excess glucose from the blood into the nephron. | |
| Proximal convoluted tubule fails to reabsorb all the glucose back into the blood. | |
| Collecting duct transports urine containing glucose toward the pelvis. |