The concentration of blood plasma is regulated by homeostatic mechanisms to maintain a constant water potential.
Complete the sentences below to describe how the body responds when a person is severely dehydrated.
Use the words in the list:
If a person is severely dehydrated, the water potential of the blood decreases.
This change is detected by specialised osmoreceptors in the ............................. .
These receptors stimulate the synthesis of the hormone ............................. .
This hormone is then transported along axons to the ............................. , where it is stored and subsequently released into the bloodstream.
Give one factor, other than low water intake, that could cause a person to produce a small volume of highly concentrated urine.
Proteinuria is a condition where proteins (such as albumin) pass through the filtration barrier in the kidneys and are excreted in the urine, which can indicate glomerular damage.
Describe a chemical test that could be used to determine if a patient's urine contains protein.