A city municipality introduces a high daily emission levy on diesel-powered commercial transport vehicles. Following the implementation of this levy, a regional logistics depot experiences a 12% decrease in its demand for specialised diesel-engine lubricant.
This market outcome demonstrates that diesel-powered commercial transport vehicles and specialised diesel-engine lubricant are:
substitute goods with a positive cross elasticity of demand
complementary goods with a negative cross elasticity of demand
substitute goods with a negative cross elasticity of demand
complementary goods with a positive cross elasticity of demand
