This question is about reactions of alkanes and halogenoalkanes.
1.[1]
Alkanes can be used as fuels. Give an equation for the complete combustion of decane (C10H22\text{C}_{10}\text{H}_{22}C10H22) in an excess of oxygen.
2.[3]
Decane can be obtained from the catalytic cracking of octadecane (C18H38\text{C}_{18}\text{H}_{38}C18H38) at a high temperature.
- Identify a suitable catalyst for this process.
- Give one condition other than high temperature.
- Give an equation for the catalytic cracking of one molecule of octadecane to produce one molecule of decane, one molecule of cyclohexane, and one other product.
3.[2]
Alkanes can be used in free-radical substitution reactions to produce halogenoalkanes. Give equations for the propagation steps in the reaction of butane to form 2-chlorobutane.
4.[4]
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are a group of halogenoalkanes whose use has been restricted due to their environmental impact. The structure of a CFC is shown below:
- Identify the radical produced from this CFC that is responsible for the depletion of ozone in the atmosphere.
- Explain, with the aid of equations, why a single radical can cause the decomposition of many molecules of ozone.