An open beaker of rubbing alcohol is left on a laboratory table on a warm, breezy day. Over the course of an hour, the volume of the alcohol in the beaker is observed to decrease significantly.
Describe the physical process by which the volume of rubbing alcohol in the beaker decreases.
State and explain one change in the laboratory conditions that would cause the volume of the liquid to decrease more slowly.
When some of this rubbing alcohol is spilled on a student's hand, they feel a cold sensation. Explain, in terms of molecules, how the evaporation of the alcohol cools the skin on their hand.
528 exam-style questions on CIE IGCSE Physics 2.2 Thermal properties and temperature, covering 2.2.1 Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases, 2.2.2a Internal energy and temperature, 2.2.2b Specific heat capacity, 2.2.3a Melting, boiling, condensation and solidification, 2.2.3b Evaporation, and 2.2.3c Cooling by evaporation. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.