Suggest:
(i) an example of a change of state resulting from the addition of thermal energy to a quantity of material,
(ii) the effect of this change of state on the temperature of the material.
Define the specific heat capacity of a substance.
An insulated beaker holds 200 g200\text{ g}200 g of water at 24∘C24^\circ\text{C}24∘C. In order to cool the water, small pieces of ice at 0∘C0^\circ\text{C}0∘C are added until the water reaches 0∘C0^\circ\text{C}0∘C and no unmelted ice remains.
specific heat capacity of water=4.2 J/(g ∘C) \text{specific heat capacity of water} = 4.2\text{ J}/(\text{g }^\circ\text{C}) specific heat capacity of water=4.2 J/(g ∘C) specific latent heat of fusion of ice=336 J/g \text{specific latent heat of fusion of ice} = 336\text{ J/g} specific latent heat of fusion of ice=336 J/gAssume no thermal energy is lost to or gained from the surroundings.
(i) Calculate the thermal energy lost by the water in cooling to 0∘C0^\circ\text{C}0∘C.
(ii) State the thermal energy gained by the ice in melting.
(iii) Calculate the mass of ice added.
528 exam-style questions on CIE IGCSE Physics 2.2 Thermal properties and temperature, covering 2.2.1 Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases, 2.2.2a Internal energy and temperature, 2.2.2b Specific heat capacity, 2.2.3a Melting, boiling, condensation and solidification, 2.2.3b Evaporation, and 2.2.3c Cooling by evaporation. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.