An astrophysicist is investigating the expansion of the universe by studying distant galaxies. Describe how the following quantities are determined for a far-away galaxy:
The distance to the galaxy, using a standard candle (such as a Type Ia supernova).
The speed of recession of the galaxy.
104 exam-style questions on CIE IGCSE Physics 6.2 Stars and the Universe, covering 6.2.1 The Sun as a star, 6.2.2a Galaxies and astronomical distances, 6.2.2b The life cycle of a star, 6.2.3a Galaxies and the scale of the Universe, 6.2.3b Redshift, 6.2.3c The Big Bang Theory and cosmic microwave background radiation, and 6.2.3d The Hubble constant and the age of the Universe. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.