eaction-time delay B1\n- Suggests repeating the drop at each height and calculating a mean bounce height to reduce the effect of random errors B1","marks":2,"order":2,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":{"methods":[{"id":"improve_measurements","label":"Improve the measurement method","steps":[{"type":"text","order":1,"title":"Use slow-motion video","content":"Set a video camera square-on to the metre rule and level with the relevant scale. Use slow-motion footage to identify the frame where the ball reaches its maximum bounce height.\n\nThis reduces **parallax error** (an apparent shift in position when viewed from an angle) and avoids relying on a person's reaction time to spot the highest point. **(B1: video/slow motion to reduce parallax and reaction-time error.)**","highlights":[{"text":"measures the bounce height each time using a vertical metre rule","location":"specification"}]},{"type":"text","order":2,"title":"Repeat and calculate a mean","content":"Drop the ball several times from each height, record each bounce height, then calculate the mean (average) bounce height for that drop height.\n\nA mean reduces the effect of **random errors**: small unpredictable differences between individual bounces or readings. **(B1: repeats and a mean reduce random error.)**","highlights":[{"text":"drops the ball from different heights","location":"specification"}]}]}],"generatedAt":"2026-07-22T12:14:00.183Z","modelVersion":"gpt-5.6-terra+diagrams-1","explanationVersion":"v3"},"options":[]},{"id":"3ca92ec4-64df-42aa-b4b8-b37499526117","label":"d","content":"The mass of the toy ball is 80 grams.\n\nCalculate the mass of the ball in kg.","markscheme":"- Calculates the mass as $0.08\\text{ kg}$ B1","marks":1,"order":3,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":{"methods":[{"id":"convert_mass_units","label":"Convert grams to kilograms","steps":[{"type":"text","order":0,"title":"Use the kilogram conversion","content":"The mass is given as $80\\text{ g}$. Since $1\\text{ kg}=1000\\text{ g}$, convert grams to kilograms by dividing by $1000$.","highlights":[{"text":"The mass of the toy ball is 80 grams.","location":"specification"}]},{"type":"hyper_latex","block":{"nodes":[{"latex":"\\text{mass in kg}=\\frac{\\htmlData{anchor=grams}{80\\text{ g}}}{1000}"},{"latex":"\\text{mass}=\\htmlData{anchor=kilograms}{0.08\\text{ kg}}"}],"highlights":[{"color":"green","style":"box","anchor":"kilograms"}],"connections":[{"to":"kilograms","from":"grams","color":"sky","label":"divide by 1000"}]},"order":1,"title":"Convert the mass","description":"This conversion gives the required value in kilograms and earns the B1 mark."}]}],"generatedAt":"2026-07-22T12:14:50.834Z","modelVersion":"gpt-5.6-terra+diagrams-1","explanationVersion":"v3"},"options":[]},{"id":"73afa844-7278-45b5-96d0-3cd492043cc0","label":"e","content":"Calculate the gravitational potential energy of the ball when it is held 1.20 m above the floor.\nUse your answer to **(c)(i)** and the equation:\n\\[\\text{potential energy} = \\text{mass} \\times \\text{gravitational field strength} \\times \\text{height}\\]\n(Gravitational field strength = \$10\\text{ N/kg}\$)","markscheme":"- Substitutes values into the gravitational potential energy formula: $0.08 \\times 10 \\times 1.20$ M1\n- Obtains $0.96\\text{ J}$ A1","marks":2,"order":4,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":{"methods":[{"id":"gpe_substitution","label":"Substitute into the formula","steps":[{"type":"hyper_latex","block":{"nodes":[{"latex":"E_{\\mathrm p}=mgh"},{"latex":"E_{\\mathrm p}=\\htmlData{anchor=mass}{\\color{@sky}{0.08}}\\times\\htmlData{anchor=g}{\\color{@amber}{10}}\\times\\htmlData{anchor=height}{\\color{@green}{1.20}}"}]},"order":1,"title":"Substitute into the formula","description":"From (c)(i), the mass is 0.08 kg. Substitute this, g = 10 N/kg and h = 1.20 m; this earns M1."},{"type":"hyper_latex","block":{"nodes":[{"latex":"E_{\\mathrm{p}}=0.08\\times10\\times1.20"},{"latex":"E_{\\mathrm{p}}=0.96\\ \\mathrm{J}"}]},"order":2,"title":"Calculate the ener

Practical skills

Question 3

Practical skills Questions

Practical skills

Question 3

Practical skills Questions