An oncologist is selecting a radioactive isotope to treat a micro-tumour located deep within a patient's liver. The isotope is chemically bound to a tumour-seeking antibody and injected into the patient. To maximize the destruction of the cancer cells while minimizing damage to the surrounding healthy tissue, the radiation must have high ionizing power and a very short range (a few cell diameters). Additionally, the isotope must decay quickly enough to avoid dangerous long-term internal radiation exposure.
Which of the following isotopes is most suitable for this treatment?
An isotope that undergoes alpha (α\alphaα) decay with a half-life of 7.2 hours7.2\text{ hours}7.2 hours
An isotope that undergoes gamma (γ\gammaγ) decay with a half-life of 6.0 hours6.0\text{ hours}6.0 hours
An isotope that undergoes beta-minus (β−\beta^-β−) decay with a half-life of 29 years29\text{ years}29 years
An isotope that undergoes alpha (α\alphaα) decay with a half-life of 432 years432\text{ years}432 years