Href":"/gcse/computer-science/edexcel/questions","basePath":"/gcse/computer-science/edexcel/software/questions","formulaUrl":null,"initialIndex":13,"initialQuestionWindow":[{"id":"4e79093f-0a7c-4e64-aa94-ed046b1f9f94","revisionId":"045b298b-d111-430c-b104-7ba7985f5318","questionNumber":null,"questionType":"LA","specification":"","difficulty":4,"difficultyBand":"medium","totalMarks":2,"sourceTitle":null,"calculatorUse":null,"parts":[{"id":"5eb621d4-0ee7-416f-8f08-eda411f09ee4","label":null,"content":"Explain how an operating system uses a hierarchical directory structure to resolve file naming conflicts and to locate specific files.","markscheme":"- Explains that naming conflicts are avoided because files with identical filenames can coexist as long as they reside in different directories/folders, which partition the namespace. B1\n- Explains that files are located by tracing a unique pathname from the root directory through nested subfolders/subdirectories to the destination file. B1","marks":2,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":null,"options":[]}],"options":[],"explanation":null,"firstAttemptFullMarks":null},{"id":"52250df3-8193-4d8f-ae06-5d782523a2c7","revisionId":"65ed8c88-d65c-40cd-b94e-f8229b77b90c","questionNumber":null,"questionType":"LA","specification":"","difficulty":5,"difficultyBand":"medium","totalMarks":2,"sourceTitle":null,"calculatorUse":null,"parts":[{"id":"590955f3-6737-404f-ab79-3611fa070da9","label":null,"content":"Explain **one** way that **structured exception handling** helps developers maintain robust software.","markscheme":"- Explains that exception handling intercepts runtime errors (such as division by zero or missing files) and diverts the flow of execution to dedicated recovery code M1\n- States that this prevents the program from crashing abruptly, allowing it to fail-safe, close resources cleanly, or notify the user gracefully A1","marks":2,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":null,"options":[]}],"options":[],"explanation":null,"firstAttemptFullMarks":null},{"id":"691169e0-6a17-4ae5-be21-3bb16f3ab1b0","revisionId":"7a5393f0-cca1-409a-bcef-7121dbbe3ae4","questionNumber":null,"questionType":"LA","specification":"A research workstation is training three deep learning models simultaneously: a natural language transformer, a convolutional neural network for image processing, and a reinforcement learning simulation.\n\nThe combined RAM requirement for these three concurrent training processes is 48 GB, but the workstation is only equipped with 24 GB of physical RAM.\n\nDespite this physical limitation, all three models continue to train successfully without throwing \"Out of Memory\" system errors.","difficulty":5,"difficultyBand":"medium","totalMarks":4,"sourceTitle":null,"calculatorUse":null,"parts":[{"id":"3c437377-aab9-43cf-9690-c586a3d37211","label":null,"content":"Explain how the operating system utilizes virtual memory to manage this memory deficit and keep all three processes running.","markscheme":"- Identifies that the OS allocates a section of secondary storage (such as an SSD or HDD) to act as an extension of physical RAM / temporary storage. B1\n- Explains that the OS moves (pages or swaps) inactive data or instructions from the training processes out of the physical RAM and into this virtual memory space on secondary storage. B1\n- Explains that this process frees up space in the 24 GB of physical RAM so that the CPU can execute the active instructions currently needed for training. B1\n- Explains that when the swapped-out data is required again, the OS swaps it back into physical RAM, while transferring other currently inactive data out to the secondary storage. B1","marks":4,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":null,"options":[]}],"options":[],"explanation":null,"firstAttemptFullMarks":null}],"subjectCode":"gcse_computer_science","summaries":[{"id":"08a13dad-e82b-4a73-9015-8a0713729cd8","difficultyBand":"easy","calculatorUse":null},{"id

Software

Question 5

Software Questions

Software

Question 5

Software Questions