The diagram shows molecules before and after a reaction. The different circles identify the atoms but do not show electrons.

Draw a dot-and-cross diagram for one product molecule. Show all outer-shell electrons. Chlorine has seven outer-shell electrons.
A student replaces the join in each product molecule with an arrow showing complete transfer of one electron from hydrogen to chlorine.
Explain why this does not represent the bonding in the molecule.
For the complete reaction shown in the particle diagram, state how many shared electron pairs are present before the reaction and how many are present afterwards.
Explain why forming a new substance does not require the creation of new atoms.
53 exam-style questions on Edexcel GCSE Chemistry 2.4 Covalent bonding, covering 2.4.1 Covalent bonding and simple molecules. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.